Salicylic acid belongs to the class of hydroxy acids known as beta hydroxy acids (BHAs), a group of hydroxy acids known for their exfoliating properties. Like other hydroxy acids, it acts as a chemical exfoliant by breaking down the bonds that hold dead skin cells together, especially within clogged pores. This chemical exfoliation gently removes dead cells without the harsh abrasion caused by physical exfoliants such as scrubs or brushes, making it effective yet mild on the skin.